03 Income Taxes

This item comprises income taxes paid or owed in the individual countries and deferred taxes. In Germany, alongside a corporate tax of 15.0 percent (15.0 percent a year earlier), there is a solidarity surcharge of 5.5 percent, after 5.5 percent a year earlier. Trade income tax of 12.2 percent (12.2 percent in the prior year) must also be paid. It varies depending on the municipality in which a company is located.

Deferred taxes of German companies are therefore measured based on a total tax rate (including solidarity surcharge) of 28.0 percent (28.0 percent a year earlier). The current taxes of foreign subsidiaries are determined according to domestic tax laws and rates valid in the country in which the respective company is based. As in the prior year, the respective income tax rates for foreign companies applicable in each country ranged from 10.0 percent to 39.0 percent.

Accrued income taxes on undistributed profits of subsidiaries were recognized only if distribution is planned. The amount of €425.0 million is available for distribution, compared with €323.5 million in the prior year.

Income taxes include current tax expenses from earlier years of €0.1 million, after €0.3 million in the prior year, and deferred tax income from earlier years of €17.1 million, after €0.0 million in the prior year.

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€ million

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current taxes, Germany

 

-89.5

 

-181.2

Current taxes, international

 

-11.7

 

-21.0

Current taxes

 

-101.2

 

-202.2

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred taxes, Germany

 

24.4

 

29.9

Deferred taxes, international

 

1.3

 

7.4

Deferred taxes

 

25.7

 

37.3

Income taxes

 

-75.5

 

-164.9

 

 

 

 

 

Derivation of the effective tax rate

 

 

 

 

Income before taxes

 

264.8

 

406.7

Income tax rate for Wacker Chemie AG (%)

 

28.0

 

28.0

Expected tax expenses

 

-74.2

 

-113.9

 

 

 

 

 

Tax rate divergences

 

1.9

 

10.6

Tax effect of non-tax-deductible expenses

 

-31.8

 

-18.1

Tax effect of tax-free income

 

5.8

 

5.2

Taxes relating to other periods (current earnings)

 

17.1

 

-0.3

Effects of loss carryforwards and temporary differences

 

6.4

 

-46.5

Group profit from investments in joint ventures and associates

 

 

0.8

Other differences

 

-0.7

 

-2.7

Total income tax

 

-75.5

 

-164.9

 

 

 

 

 

Effective tax rate (%)

 

28.5

 

40.5

 

 

 

 

 

Due to the utilization of previously unrecognized temporary differences and previously unrecognized tax losses from earlier periods, the actual income tax expense was reduced by €11.7 million, after €2.1 million in the prior year.

Allocation of Deferred Taxes

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€ million

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

Deferred tax assets

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

Deferred tax assets

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Intangible assets

 

11.1

 

4.2

 

12.6

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

58.2

 

38.6

 

38.2

 

36.8

Financial investments

 

0.8

 

 

 

3.5

Financial and non-financial assets

 

16.3

 

4.0

 

14.7

 

0.5

Provisions for pensions

 

350.2

 

0.4

 

243.4

 

Other provisions

 

24.9

 

1.9

 

33.0

 

Financial and non-financial liabilities

 

25.9

 

 

12.3

 

Loss carryforwards

 

5.4

 

 

4.6

 

Setting off for companies with group taxation

 

-5.5

 

-5.5

 

-5.5

 

-5.5

Total

 

487.3

 

43.6

 

353.3

 

35.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Setoffs

 

-37.4

 

-37.4

 

-31.9

 

-31.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amount recorded in Statement of Financial Position

 

449.9

 

6.2

 

321.4

 

3.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities of €25.7 million were recognized as income in profit or loss (versus €37.3 million a year earlier), while €104.1 million (€ –49.9 million a year earlier) was recognized directly in equity. This mainly consists of deferred tax assets from variations in actuarial gains and losses resulting from pension provisions. Changes in the scope of consolidation resulted in deferred tax liabilities of €4.1 million that were recognized in equity. The existing tax loss carryforwards can be utilized as follows:

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€ million

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Within 1 year

 

87.2

 

78.0

Within 2 years

 

49.2

 

90.6

Within 3 years

 

16.8

 

50.8

Within 4 years

 

1.1

 

17.3

Within 5 years or later

 

172.0

 

142.2

Total

 

326.3

 

378.9

 

 

 

 

 

Of which loss carryforwards not expected to be realizable

 

-304.7

 

-360.4

 

 

 

 

 

Of which loss carryforwards expected to be realizable

 

21.6

 

18.5

 

 

 

 

 

The loss carryforwards generated totaled €326.3 million, after €378.9 million in the previous year. Of this amount, €304.7 million (€360.4 million in the prior year) are expected to be non-realizable, which is why no deferred tax assets were recognized. If they had been recognized, however, they would have amounted to €85.3 million (€100.9 million in the prior year). Of the loss carryforwards that are not realizable for tax purposes, the amount of €169.7 million (€139.3 million in the prior year) is unlimited as to time and amount. As of December 31, 2016, no deferred tax assets were recognized for tax-deductible temporary differences of €668.9 million (€712.1 million the year before). The change mainly concerns parts of the actuarial losses from the measurement of pension obligations recognized in other equity items in equity and temporary differences in property, plant and equipment.